نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی

چکیده

آموزش درک خوانداری چالش بزرگی است. بسیاری از مدرسان زبان در مورد نحوه­ تدریس درک خوانداری در کلاس­ها دوره­ای را نگذرانده­اند. در نتیجه، بسیاری از مربیان امروزه درس­های خود را با دانسته­های محدودی از دانش‌آموزش‌‍‌کاوی برنامه­ریزی می­کنند (بلوک، گمبرل و پرسلی، 2002). پژوهش­ها نشان داده است که موقعیت کنونی آموزش درک مطلب خوانداری به طور محسوس طی سی سال در کلاس­های زبان گذشته تغییر نیافته است (دویتز و همکاران، 2010). این مطالعه بر آن است که به این پرسش پژوهش پاسخ دهد: چگونه و با چه ابزار­هایی می­توانیم به طور موثر درک خواندن آموزش دهیم؟ رویکردها و راهبردها بی‌شمار آموزش درک خوانداری در زبان اول و خارجی، در پژوهش­های انتشاریافته در طی 30 سال گذشته پدید آمده­اند. ما دستاوردهای حاصل از مقالات متعدد، تحقیقات تجربی و گزارش­های فنی و فراواکاوی­های انجام­گرفته پس از سال 2000 بررسی کرده­ایم تا دیدگاه جامعی از کارامدترین رویکردها و راهبردهای آموزشی و نیز آنهایی را که در آموزش­های درک خوانداری زبان اول و زبان خارجی مشترک هستند، به دست آوریم. نتایج این پژوهش به ما کمک می­کند تا دریابیم چگونه مدرسان زبان می­توانند درک مطلب خوانداری را آموزش دهند. این نخستین گام به سوی بکارگیری رویکردهای جدید و ابزارهای نوین در کلاس­های زبان خواهد بود.

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