نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی
چکیده
آموزش درک خوانداری چالش بزرگی است. بسیاری از مدرسان زبان در مورد نحوه تدریس درک خوانداری در کلاسها دورهای را نگذراندهاند. در نتیجه، بسیاری از مربیان امروزه درسهای خود را با دانستههای محدودی از دانش‌آموزش‌‍‌کاوی برنامهریزی میکنند (بلوک، گمبرل و پرسلی، 2002). پژوهشها نشان داده است که موقعیت کنونی آموزش درک مطلب خوانداری به طور محسوس طی سی سال در کلاسهای زبان گذشته تغییر نیافته است (دویتز و همکاران، 2010). این مطالعه بر آن است که به این پرسش پژوهش پاسخ دهد: چگونه و با چه ابزارهایی میتوانیم به طور موثر درک خواندن آموزش دهیم؟ رویکردها و راهبردها بی‌شمار آموزش درک خوانداری در زبان اول و خارجی، در پژوهشهای انتشاریافته در طی 30 سال گذشته پدید آمدهاند. ما دستاوردهای حاصل از مقالات متعدد، تحقیقات تجربی و گزارشهای فنی و فراواکاویهای انجامگرفته پس از سال 2000 بررسی کردهایم تا دیدگاه جامعی از کارامدترین رویکردها و راهبردهای آموزشی و نیز آنهایی را که در آموزشهای درک خوانداری زبان اول و زبان خارجی مشترک هستند، به دست آوریم. نتایج این پژوهش به ما کمک میکند تا دریابیم چگونه مدرسان زبان میتوانند درک مطلب خوانداری را آموزش دهند. این نخستین گام به سوی بکارگیری رویکردهای جدید و ابزارهای نوین در کلاسهای زبان خواهد بود.
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